Electric bikes, also known as e-bikes, have become increasingly popular in recent years as a convenient and eco-friendly mode of transportation. One of the key advantages of e-bikes is that they can reach higher speeds than traditional bicycles, making them a faster option for commuting and leisurely rides. However, when you are choosing an electric bike, you should not only consider how fast it can go but also how fast you are allowed to go on it. While the speed of an electric bike is affected by various factors, there are also legal limitations on e-bike speed that must be adhered to.
In this article, we will explore the factors that affect electric bike speed, legal limitations on e-bike speed in different countries and regions, and techniques for increasing the speed of your e-bike safely and responsibly.
Let’s go.
Why Electric Bike Speed is Important?
The speed of an electric bike can make a big difference in how convenient and efficient it is whether you’re riding for commuting, running errands, or just riding around. Simply, they are time- and effort-saving.
For example, an electric bike can typically reach speeds of 20-30 mph, whereas a traditional bicycle can only reach speeds of 15-20 mph. This means that electric bikes can cover greater distances in a shorter amount of time, making them a more efficient mode of transportation for commuting and running errands.
Additionally, if you want to enjoy cycling but may not have the physical ability to pedal at high speeds, electric bikes can be a great option. Electric bikes are powered by batteries, instead of human efforts, which allows riders to maintain a steady speed without much effort, making it a more comfortable and enjoyable experience.
Furthermore, speed in electric bikes allows one to enjoy the ride more, and also to reach the destination on time, this could be a significant benefit for people that have time-sensitive activities.
How Fast an Electric Bike Can Go?
Each electric bike has a top speed, which may be measured in miles per hour. Generally, it is about 15-20 mph. Some e-bikes have the capability of reaching 45 mph, electric dirt bikes can go even faster.
Except for the top speed, there are many different factors that go into the calculation of how fast it can go.
Battery Capacity and Power Output
The battery is the heart of an electric bike, and its capacity and power output directly affect the speed of the bike. Generally, the larger the battery capacity, the longer the bike can run at high speeds. Additionally, a higher power output allows the bike to reach higher speeds. It’s important to note that the maximum speed of an electric bike will decrease as the battery runs low.
In addition, the battery has a limited charge and you have to use the right battery to get the most mileage out of your e-bike.
Motor Power and Type
The motor is what powers the electric bike and can also greatly affect the top speed of the bike. Generally, the higher the motor power is, the higher speed the electric bike may reach.
Additionally, the type of motor can also affect the speed of the bike. There are two main types of motors for electric bikes: hub motors and mid-drive motors. Both are designed to give you better pedaling power, but they have their own features. Hub motors are located in the wheel hub and tend to provide less power and lower maximum speeds. In the contrast, mid-drive motors are located in the center of the bike and tend to provide more power and higher maximum speeds.
Bike Weight and Rider Weight
It’s easy to understand. A lighter bike will be able to reach higher speeds than a heavier bike. And a lighter rider can also require less power to reach the same speed as a heavier rider.
Aerodynamics and Riding Conditions
A bike with a more aerodynamic design will be able to reach higher speeds. In addition, riding conditions such as wind resistance and terrain can also affect the maximum speed of an electric bike.
The Faster The Better? Any Regulations on Electric Bike Speed?
While speed can be an advantage of electric bikes, it also comes with added responsibility. The top speed is not only determined by the bike itself but also by local regulations and laws. Riders must always be aware of and adhere to legal speed limits. Most countries have a legal speed limit for e-bikes, typically between 20-45km/h. But that may vary in different countries, even in different states.
US Classifications
In the United States, there’s no nationwide standard on speed for e-bikes. However, the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) has set a 20-mile-per-hour speed limit, which is the same as traditional bicycles.
Electric bikes are classified into three main categories: Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3. Some states have only one class, others may have two or more. Each class has different specifications, such as the maximum speed limit, minimum weight, and maximum power output.
Class 1: These are pedal-assist electric bikes that have a maximum speed of 20 mph and usually a maximum motor wattage of up to 750W. The motor provides assistance to the rider while pedaling but stops assisting once the rider reaches 20 mph. Class 1 e-bikes are considered low-speed and are typically used for commuting and recreation.
Class 2: These e-bikes also have a maximum speed of 20 mph. But they can be activated by a throttle only or along with a pedal. This means that the rider can choose to use the throttle or the pedal assist to power the bike to 20 mph. Class 2 e-bikes are considered low-speed and often used for commuting and recreation.
Class 3: These e-bikes are pedal-assist and have a maximum speed of 28 mph. They have a motor that provides power to the bike’s wheels, but the rider must still pedal in order to activate the motor. Class 3 e-bikes are considered high-speed motorcycles and require licensing and insurance.
The classifications provide guidelines for the proper use of an electric bike. However, some states may have additional classifications or regulations for electric bikes, while some cities and municipalities may have their own regulations. So, it is important to check local laws before purchasing and riding an electric bike.
Read more: Pedal-Assist vs. Throttle E-Bikes: Which Are Better For You?
UK and EU
In the United Kingdom and the European Union, electric bikes are regulated under the same laws as traditional bicycles. However, there are certain guidelines and restrictions in place for e-bikes, depending on the type of bike and its maximum speed.
The UK and EU define e-bikes into two categories:
Electric bikes that have a maximum assisted speed of 15.5mph (25km/h) and a maximum continuous rated power of 250 watts is considered pedal cycles and do not require registration, insurance, or a driving license.
E-bikes that exceed the above speed and power limits are considered mopeds. These e-bikes should have a registration, insurance, and a driving license.
Additionally, riders of any electric bike must obey traffic laws, wear helmets, and use lights and reflectors when necessary.
Is It Legal to Go Faster than the Electric Bike Speed Limit?
It is generally illegal to go faster than the speed limit for your electric bikes. Going over the speed limit can pose a danger to the rider and other people on the road, and it can also void the warranty on the bike.
Riding an e-bike at a speed higher than the legal limit can result in fines, penalties, and even the confiscation of the bike.
In some cases, electric bikes may have a speed limiter that prevents them from going faster than the legal limit. However, some riders may choose to remove or bypass the speed limiter in order to go faster. This is commonly called chipping an e-bike. This is also illegal and can be dangerous, as electric bikes are not designed for high speeds
Enforcement of electric bike speed limits can vary depending on the country or region. Some areas may have dedicated e-bike enforcement units, while others may rely on regular traffic police to enforce the laws. For your and others’ safety, you should always be aware of the laws and regulations in your area and to obey the posted speed limits when riding an electric bike.
How to Increase Electric Bike Speed Technically?
Note: Keep in mind that in most cases, it’s illegal to exceed the legal speed limit for electric bikes. Additionally, modifying an electric bike to go faster can also void the warranty, and could make the bike unsafe to ride.
With that being said, there are a few techniques that can be used to increase the speed of an electric bike:
Upgrade the Motor: A higher-wattage motor will provide more power to the bike’s wheels, allowing it to go faster. However, it’s important to make sure that the new motor is compatible with the bike’s controller and other components, and that it’s within the legal power limits.
Change the Gears: Electric bikes often come with a single-speed gear, which can limit the top speed of the bike. By upgrading to a multi-speed gear set, you can increase the bike’s top speed by shifting to a higher gear.
Improve the Battery: By upgrading the electric bike to a higher voltage or higher capacity battery, you can increase the speed of the bike.
Reduce the Weight: By reducing the weight of the bike, such as by removing unnecessary accessories, and also keeping the rider’s weight down, you can increase the speed of the bike.
Modify the Controller: By upgrading to a higher wattage controller, you can increase the speed of the bike. However, this modification can be dangerous if not done properly, and it is not recommended.
Whenever you want to modify your electric bike, it should be done by professionals. What’s more, always check the laws and regulations in your area.
The Bottom Line
Electric bikes offer a convenient and eco-friendly mode of transportation. Speed is an important aspect of electric bikes, as it determines how quickly and efficiently you can travel. There are various factors that can affect the speed of an electric bike. However, it is important to remember that the legal speed limit for electric bikes varies depending on the country or region, and it is illegal to exceed it. While it is possible to use techniques to increase the speed of an electric bike, it is important to do so safely and responsibly and to make sure that any modifications comply with the laws and regulations in your area.
